The front trunk is the EV's most divisive feature

It’s still early days in the race for electric vehicle supremacy, and while auto engineers have rushed to improve driving ranges and charging speeds, they remain split on the front trunk.

Roughly one-third of the 30 or so EV models for sale in the U.S. have supersized the feature in recognition of its novelty and utility -- after all, a “frunk” is one of few things EVs offer that a gasoline-powered vehicle cannot.

Another third of models, however, skip the frunk altogether, freeing up cabin space on a bet that customers accustomed to frunkless living will not demand one when they go electric.

Those that do offer novel uses such as Ford, which suggests filling their refrigerator-sized front trunk, that comes standard on two of its EVs, with seafood (see below) or even 1,000 chicken wings. The frunks even come with a useful drain to help transport food items.

Frunks are not new to the auto industry. Models with engines in the rear of the car, like Porsche’s 911 and the defunct Chevrolet Corvair, have long offered a front trunk in lieu of a rear one.

But for the first time, EVs are allowing drivers to get the best of both -- and automakers are reacting accordingly.

Ford’s pickup EV, the F-150 Lightning, boasts the biggest frunk space on offer, but even some smaller, sportier EVs are designed to carry large cargo where an engine would have been.

The Lucid Air has a 7.1-cubic-foot (201-liter) cavity up front, roughly the size of a freezer chest, while Tesla’s Model Y stretches the tape to 4.1 cubic feet (116 liters), a fair-sized wine fridge.

As such, the frunk has become the identifying calling card for a new species of vehicle that does not overtly display its novelty. No one can see the massive battery or the electric motors under the skin of an EV, but a cavernous frunk is hard to miss.

With a ceaseless stream of social media content, the feature is proving to be the best kind of marketing engine: one that runs on its own.

There is the standard frunk flex: ice and beer. Then the bolder: durian fruit, for example, or pumpkins. The seasonal: heaps of candy behind giant teeth.

And the awestruck: Frunk owners seem compelled to close themselves in the compartment at least once, as giddy as toddlers in a sandbox.

There is even a #frunkpuppy Instagram trend, which is exactly what you might expect.

And yet frunk-free EVs are also common. Neither of BMW’s new electric vehicles -- the iX SUV and the i4 sedan -- has a frunk.

Nor does the EQS sedan from Mercedes, which will not even let customers pop the hood on its EVs without a deep YouTube search and some ill-advised tinkering.

Mercedes engineers went so far as to design a little panel that flips out of the side for drivers to replenish windshield-wiper fluid.

“In our view, the trunk in the rear is more than large enough,” Cathleen Decker, a spokeswoman, said. “The feedback we receive is very positive.”

Nissan’s Leaf, one of the oldest and best-selling EVs to date, never had a frunk, because it was designed using a traditional, gasoline-powered car as its base.

But Nissan’s Ariya SUV, which will start shipping to dealers later this year, does not have one either. Nor does Toyota’s bZ4X, an electric vehicle designed from scratch.

The rationale for frunk-free automakers is that filling the front of the car with gear and gadgetry makes for a more spacious cockpit.

Mercedes, for example, has an air-filtration system where a frunk might have been. Toyota’s bZ4X has its HVAC system and 12-volt battery up front, creating a cabin about as spacious as its RAV4, a far bigger car.

“All of these components have to be placed somewhere,” said Tom Kretschmann, Toyota’s senior technology education planner. “And by putting them up front, you are not really changing that SUV expectation.”

Bozi Tatarevic, a race-car mechanic and auto journalist, prefers an EV without a frunk. “I’m a tall person and you basically get more leg area and foot room,” he said. “And as a mechanic, I would much rather pop open the hood and have easier access to whatever I have to service.”

Meanwhile, Denver-based Erin Persaud calls the frunk on her Kia EV6, which is about the size of a 12-pack, something of a disappointment.

“Honestly, we have not used it,” she said. “My kids plan to put snacks in there.”

Not all EV fans are as diplomatic. Both BMW and Mercedes have been criticized for not fully embracing the frunk.

Jon Rettinger, host of an eponymous YouTube channel reviewing cars and other technology, ordered a Mercedes EQS a few months ago. When the deal went sour because of a dealership mark-up, he bought a Rivian pickup, in part because of the cargo space it offered up front.

“If I’m looking at an electric car that does not have a front trunk, perhaps wrongly, I am thinking there was a problem in engineering,” Rettinger said.

“Or it’s built on a platform that was not designed to be fully electric.”

The argument that most consumers do not want or need one feels condescending to him -- “like a pat on the head.”

Jason Fenske, who produces the YouTube series Engineering Explained, said the lack of a frunk is the most frustrating thing about BMW’s i4, primarily because there is a cavity under the hood that is large enough to hold a rolling suitcase.

Indeed, the Internet is full of DIY hackers explaining how to finagle a frunk unofficially. Kia’s Niro and Hyundai’s Kona EV, for example, are born frunkless, but some industrious buyers hacked together a solution using 3D-printed mounts and a rubber bin. In the EV ecosystem, nature finds a way.

So what is the future of frunks? Laycee Schmidtke, an industry consultant who also reviews vehicles on the YouTube platform Miss GoElectric, thinks frunk-free EVs will fade in a few years as car executives start sourcing smaller components.

“Legacy automakers often have supplier agreements or existing economies of scale which can be strong motivators for them to squeeze less than optimal hardware into their EV platforms,” she said. “As more automakers develop EV-exclusive platforms, I can see a future in which frunks are standard fare.”

For now, the safest space in the front-trunk debate appears to be the middle ground. About one-third of the EVs on the U.S. market at the moment offer relatively tiny frunks -- about 2 cubic feet or less. That is big enough to check the “frunk” box among prospective buyers, but just barely.